Oil burner



Feb. 27, 1934. W E TAFT 1,949,382

OIL BURNER Filed My 3l, 1930 9o 70 72 LA XW@ TED STATES OIL BURNERWilliam Edward Taft, Athol, Mass., assignor to Taft Oil Burner Company,Athol, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Appiication May 31, 1930.Serial No. 457,855

2 Claims. (Cl. 158-87) WCE This invention relates to liquid fuel burnersconnected radially inwardly directed walls 34 of the type wherein liquidfuel is vaporized in an and inner arcuate walls 36 to define a pluralityof open top channel or trough and burns in the segmental air passages 38which are located Withspace between perforated combustion tubes or inthe vaporizing channel 32 and are open at the chimneys that surround thechannel opening and top and the bottom or the burner base. The extendupwardly thereabove. inner arcuate walls 36 dene a central annular Thisinvention is essentially an improvement opening 40 into which liquidfuel is adapted to upon the construction described and claimed in nowthrough the vertical central opening passage my application Serial No.457,854, iiled May 31, 42 that communicates with the bottom of said lo11930, now Patent 1go. 1,901,271. passage 40 through the depending boss44. A 65V The present invention has or one of its ooliquid fuel pipe 46is fitted into the lower end jects the provision of improved means fordisof said passage 42 and communicates with a suittributing the liquidoil from a single oil passage able source of liquid fuel supply, notshown, and into a plurality of spaced locations in the vawhich isadapted to maintain a level of liquid 3 5- porizing channel. in theburner base that is slightly above the bot- A further object of theinvention is the protom wall thereof and below the tops of the upvisionof a burner base having an annular vastanding walls. The radial walls 34of adjacent porizing channel provided with walls dening a air passages38 are spaced apart to provide open plurality of angularly spaced andindependent top radial passages or pockets 48 which are off- Zfairpassages which are located around a central set from the vaporizingchannel 32 and extend fuel passage and constitute the walls thereof andradially inwardly therefrom and communicate also constitute the walls ofa plurality of oil paswith the central iuel passage 40 so that fuel cansages which are located between the air pasnow from said central passageinto said Vaporizsages and provide communication between the ing channelat a plurality of spaced locations central oil passage to spacedlocations of the therein. As here shown four such channels 48 suchannel. are provided which are located 90 apart. Rela- A yet furtherobject is generally to improve the tively thin projections 50 upstandfrom the botconstruction and operation of liquid fuel burntom walls ofthe vaporizing channel in front.

ers of the type above set forth. f said passages 48 and are adapted tolocate ig- 30 Fig. 1 is a plan View oi a burner base embodyniting wicks,not shown, within said channel in 85 ing the present invention. suchinstallations that render such wicks ad- Fig. 2 is a sectional elevationtaken along line visable. 2 2 oi Fig. 1. When the burner is in steadyoperation the liq- Fig. 3 is a section taken along line 3 3 of uid fuelis adapted to be vaporized entirely in the Fig. 1. vaporizing channel 32and mainly in the passages The burner here shown as embodying the pres-48 thereof. Means are provided to conduct the ent invention comprises abase 10 having an iuel vapor into the outer vapor channel 24. Said innerring 12 and an outer ring 14, both rings means includes a plurality ofribs 52 which conbeing concentric and spaced apart to provide beneetsaid rings 12 and 14 and extend across the angtween them an annular airpassage 16 which is nuiar air passage 16 therebetween. Said ribs areopen at the top and the bottom oi the base. The provided with ducts 54which open into both outer ring 14 has upstanding outer and innerchannels so that vapor from the inner channel walls 13 and 20,respectively, and a bottom wall can now into the outer charm l. The ribs52 are 22, which walls define between them an annular staggered withrespect to the passages 48 so that Hendless vapor channel 24 which isopen at the a uniform distribution of vapor in the two chan- 100 top.The inner ring 12 is provided with an outer nels is assured. A cap 56 isseated upon the walls annular upstanding wall 25 and a plurality of ofthe air passages 38 and has a radially outwardangularly spaced arcuateinner walls 28 struck ly extended portion 58 that overlies a portion offrom a common radius. A horizontal bottom wall the open top of theVvaporizing channel and con- -3S connects said walls 26 and 28 and saidwalls fronts and is terminated in spaced relation with 105 denne betweenthem an annular endless vapor the outer wall 26 thereof whereby toprovide an channel 32 which is open at the top and which annular opening60 for said vaporizing channel is of large radial width as compared withthe that is of reduced radial extent. Said cap is pronarrow radial widthof the vapor channel 24. vided with openings or passages 62 thereinwhich 5g The arcuate walls 28 cooperate with integrallyare in registerwith the passages 38 so as to perno mit air to flow upwardly through thepassages 38 into the interior of the burner. The cap overlies andconstitutes a closure for the open top passages 48 and also for thecentral passage 40. The cap is provided with an upstanding boss 64 inthe middle and radially outwardly extended ribs 66 which are locatedbetween the openings 62. One of said arcuate walls 28 is provided with aprojection 68 the upper end of which is seated in a notch 70 in theunder face of the cap whereby to secure the cap on the base againstrotation and thereby to lock the cap with the openings 62 therein inregister with the passages 38. A perforated combustion tube 72 is seatedupon the cap at the outer periphery thereof and surrounds the inside ofthe opening 60 of the vaporizing channel and upstands thereabove. Asimilar perforated tube 74 is seated upon the wall 26 and upstandsthereabove. The two perforated tubes are located in spaced concentricrelation and define between them a combustion chamber 76 in which thevapor rising through the opening 60 is burned. The walls 18 and 26 ofthe outer or vapor channel 24 also support similar concentric spacedtubes 78 and 80 which define between them a combustion chamber 82 inwhich the vapor rising through the open top of said channel 24 isburned. A cover 84 is seated upon the open top of the tube 72 and thusconstitutes a closure for the top of said tube and thus constrains theair that passes through the passages 38 of the burner to flow throughthe perforations of said tube and burn with the vapor in the combustionchamber 76. A screw 86 passes through said cover 84 and is fastened inthe boss 64 of the cap 56 whereby to unite the cover, the cap, and thetube 72 as a unit so that they can be removed from the burner base forinspection and cleaning of the vaporizing channel when necessary. Anannular ring 88 is seated upon the combustion tubes 74 and 78 andthereby forms a closure for the air passage between said tubes andconstrains the air therein to pass through the tubes and burn with theVapor in the combustion chambers 76 and 82.

The liquid fuel in the vaporizing channel is initially heated andvaporized by an electric heating element 90 which is in the form of adisc that is seated against the bottom face of the bottom wall 30 of thevaporizing channel and imparts heat thereto. The heating element isprovided with an annular opening 92 in the middle thereof whichsurrounds the open bottom ends of the passages 38 so that air can flowfreely into said passages through said opening. When said heat- Y ingelement is used for initially vaporizing the oil, the aforesaid wicksare unnecessary.

With the arrangement above described a single feed pipe suffices todistribute the fuel into the annular vaporizing channel at a pluralityof angularly spaced locations whereby to assure a uniform distributionof fuel in said channel and to avoid the starting of parts thereof. Thefuel passages 48 are open at the top their entire length so that theycan be cleaned readily, by removing the cap 56 and its associated parts,if carbon deposits should form therein. The passages are relativelynarrow and are surrounded by heat conducting walls so that when theburner is in steady operation the liquid fuel is vaporized largely insaid passages.

Ribs 94 are located between the ribs 52 and integrally connect the rings12 and 14 for the purpose of providing additional thermal paths for theconduction of heat from the inner ring to the outer ring, so as tofacilitate the transfer of the heat of the electric heating element tothe outer ring, and the vaporization of the liquid oil that is presentin the outer channel 24, at the time of starting the cold burner inoperation.

I claim:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having upstanding wallsproviding an outer narrow open top vapor channel and an inner wide opentop vaporizing channel with an annular air passage between saidchannels, said base also having means providing aV central fuel inletsurrounded by said wide inner channel and open top fuel ducts whichextend from said inlet to said wide inner channel and air passagesthrough said base between said fuel ducts, a removable cap seated onsaid base above said ducts and air passages and constituting a closurefor the open tops of said ducts and itself having air passages whichregister with and form continuations of the air passages of said base,said cap having a rim that is extended over said wide channel and isterminated close to and is closely spaced from the outer wall of saidwide channel to provide a narrow annular opening therefor, outer andinner closely spaced combustion tubes carried respectively by said baseand said rim and surrounding and upstanding above said opening, otherouter and inner combustion tubes carried by said base and surroundingand upstanding above the open top of said outer vapor channel, and fuelducts providing communication between said outer and inner channels.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having upstanding wallsproviding an outer narrow open top vapor channel and an inner wide opentop vaporizing channel with an annular air passage between saidchannels, said base also having means providing a central fuel inletsurrounded by said wide inner channel and open top fuel ducts whichextend from said inlet to said wide inner channel and air passagesthrough said base between said fuel ducts, a removable cap seated onsaid base above said ducts and air passages and constituting a closurefor the open tops of said ducts and itself having air passages whichregister with and form continuations of the air passages of said base,said cap having a rim that is extended over said wide inner channel andis terminated close to and is closely spaced from the outer wall of saidwide channel to provideI a narrow annular opening therefor, outer andinner closely spaced combustion tubes carried respectively by said baseand said rim and surrounding and upstanding above said narrow annularopening, and other outer and inner combustion tubes carried by said baseand surrounding and upstanding above the open top of said outer channel,said base having vapor ducts which connect said outer and inner channelsand open into said inner channel between said fuel ducts.

WILLIAM EDWARD TAFT.

